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Thursday, January 24, 2008

Woodland Verses Links Golf Courses - Which One Wins?

Many people believe that the word 'links' refers to the way the end of one golf hole defines the beginning of the next - rather like the links of a chain. this is not so but it actually comes from the Old English word 'hlinc' meaning a stretch of flat ground along the seashore. And that is exactly what it is like. Sea on one side, land on the other (often the houses on the edge of the town form the boundary). It is a naturally occurring terrain usually on a well drained sandy soil.

The parkland course on the other hand is 'purpose built' and is often much more hilly and varied in terrain than the links course. Also, the presence of trees offers a different kind of hazard from those found on a links. Each course has its own type of problems and challenges but the links course probably calls for rather more 'invention' or 'adaptation' in the way the shots are played.

Parkland courses are usually set in an area not infrequently wooded to some degree and often with heather, gorse, sand bunkers and sometimes water in the form of ponds or lakes. However, the main difference between links and parkland is that the latter is much more obviously manufactured. this is not said by way of criticism since inland courses by definition have to be manufactured. The quality of the course though is more to do with the skill of the designer and how much this "manufactured-ness" shows. The optimum use of the space available and the incorporation of existing natural features - woods, trees, water, ups and downs - are where the architect can bring his creative powers to bear.

A links course on the other hand is usually a much more rugged proposition. It's a completely natural setting - too 'natural' for some people - where the wind from the sea plays a much more prominent part in the game. The nature of the terrain forces you to adapt your shots to the prevailing conditions and the lie of the land. One great advantage though is that being on sandy soil it does tend to drain well and very quickly so the surface remains firm and playable all year round.

Nevertheless it is no place for the complaint 'It's not fair'. Life isn't fair on a links and you have to brace yourself for that. You could hit a perfect drive straight up the fairway only to have it finish up on a hanging lie with three huge bunkers between you and the green two hundred yards away.

The distances on your scorecard will be accurate but useless. I have played at Turnberry where one of the par threes is an eight iron in the morning but a three wood in the afternoon - and it was nothing to do with the port at lunch.

Playing out of the rough is a different game; the whins and other grasses can twist your clubhead and make the ball behave in quite a different way when trying to chip on to the green from the rough. Don't expect to play to your handicap on your first visit to a links course - even in sunshine and no (apparent) wind. You need to be able to 'read' the elements and this comes only from experience. Why do you think so many canny golfers chip and run from so far off the green?

Unlike the parkland course where the course is manufactured, the links course demands that the shot is manufactured.

But all in all it's a great challenge - never the same from one day to the next. One compensation however for these difficulties is that you will not encounter many trees. Which brings us back to parkland golf.

Essentially, unlike the natural design of the links, this is down to the skill of the architect. Everybody accepts that golf courses are 'constructed' but the trick is to make them look as natural as possible and, in the case of some of the great inland courses, it works! It requires a number of criteria to be fulfilled: first and foremost it must be a challenge to the world's best - and must be accepted as such. It must have variety - every hole must be individual but the 'whole' must have a personality. It must be fair and not just playable by top championship players and, lastly, it must be aesthetically pleasing. Such a course would be Sunningdale - a club blessed with two of the great courses where every hole is a world unto itself. So whether your preference is for links or parkland I hope you manage to get the round you've dreamed about on the course of your choice.

Good golfing!

Peter makes playing golf more interesting by enlightening his readers with little known facts about the history of the game of golf. He also provides a feast of valuable golfing tips and online golf lessons all learnt from playing golf for five decades!

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How to Put 100's of Emulator Games on Your PSP

There are now programs that allow you to play your favorite nintendo 64, sega, gb, gbc and other console games on your PSP. Even though you can't insert a nintendo 64 cartridge on your PSP, there is a software that emulates it which are called emulators. Let us first discuss emulators. An emulator duplicates (provides an emulation of) the functions of one system with a different system, so that the second system behaves like (and appears to be) the first system. This focus on exact reproduction of external behavior is in contrast to simulation, which concerns an abstract model of the system being simulated, often considering internal state. Most emulators just emulate a hardware architecture - if operating system firmware or software is required for the desired software, it must be provided as well (and may itself be emulated). Both the OS and the software will then be interpreted by the emulator, rather than being run by native hardware. Emulators are specialized for a given system to emulate, meaning there are emulators specified for playing nintendo 64 games on your PSP and another emulator for playing sega games.

Now that you know what an emulator is, let us now go to the second step, which is the actual installation of the emulator on your PSP. Before we can start the installation process, you'll first need an emulator. There are many different kind of emulators out there in the internet and most are free for download but before you download, make sure to read the specification of the emulator to make sure that your system is compatible with it. (These emulators are home brewed and will mostly run on systems using a 1.5 firmware and may or may not support newer versions.)

installing an emulator is easy but installation process may vary according to the emulator used. These following steps are based for the Daedalus emulator:

nintendo 64

* Name: Daedalus

* speed: Slow, most games run around 10-15 FPS

Basic install Instructions

1. open the .zip and extract it.

2. If on 1.5 copy the contents of the 1.5 .zip to PSP/GAME.

3. If on 1.0 of custom firmware copy the contents of the 1.0 .zip to the

PSP/GAME folder.

Roms installation:

Finally copy ROMs to the ROMS folder in the Daedalus folder, The installation process is most likely the same on other emulators.

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